Also, I expect to see over time that land use does indeed change river discharges and the spatial extent of saturated areas. However, differences in soil properties, soil moisture dynamics, and runoff response among the land uses may elucidate potential modifications of this subsurface process. This has tremendously important implications for water quality models where this mechanism dictates longer contact of the water with soil. I expect to find that even in high rainfall intensity / deep soil land types, such as Costa Rica, saturation-excess runoff is a dominant runoff process. Finally, at the regional scale, I will combine the Soil Moisture Routing model with land use maps, soil maps, and a detailed agricultural database to investigate critical source areas in terms of water quality and erosion potential. At the watershed scale, I will perform long-term trend analysis on rainfall and river discharge, and modeling investigations to determine whether land use change over time (≈ 35 years) impacts daily, seasonal and annual river discharges. I will use the Soil Moisture Routing model to test conceptual models based on field data and observations. At the field scale, I compare several different types of land use in terms of soil properties, soil moisture dynamics, and runoff response. In this project, we examine hydrological processes at three scales: 1) the field scale (1-5 ha), 2) the watershed scale (250 km 2), and 3) the regional scale (2500 km 2). Therefore in the proposed project, I will address the following environmental problems: 1) How does land use affect runoff response at the field scale?, 2) How does land use change affect runoff response at the watershed scale?, 3) How can we use a distributed model to identify critical management areas for agrichemical pollution and erosion? However, even in the United States, water quality models often do not utilize the most recent hydrological knowledge. Also, with distributed hydrological models, hydrology and contaminant sources can be evaluated in a new spatial context. Since water quality models depend on hydrological models, the influence of land use on hydrological processes needs to be explored. Land uses often differ in soil characteristics and evapotranspiration regimes, which influences the hydrological response of a watershed. Hydrological processes also determine how non-point source pollution reaches rivers and groundwater. Hydrological processes profoundly affect human health and the quality of the environment. GRO Fellowships for Graduate Environmental Study (2007) Title: Land Use, Hydrological Processes, and Applications of a Distributed Hydrological Model for Water Quality Concerns Land Use, Hydrological Processes, and Applications of a Distributed Hydrological Model for Water Quality Concerns EPA Grant Number: F07B81071 Grantee Research Project Results Search.Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR).
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